Analisis Perbandingan Indeks Kekeringan Meteorologis di DAS Sangatta, Kabupaten Kutai Timur

Joko Suryanto STP.MSc

Sari

Kesiapan dan perencanaan penanggulangan bencana kekeringan dapat dilakukan dengan memantau kekeringan menggunakan indeks kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi indeks kekeringan Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), China Z Index (CZI), Modified China Z Index (MCZI), Z Score Index (ZSI) dengan membandingkan dengan indeks kekeringan Effective Drought Index (EDI). Indeks kekeringan dihitung menggunakan data curah hujan bulanan meliputi 4 stasiun hujan yang berada di wilayah DAS Sangatta periode 2012 - 2022. Pengujian konsistensi data curah hujan menggunakan metode kurva massa ganda, sedangkan pengujian homogenitas data menggunakan uji Buishand. Indeks kekeringan SPI, CZI, MCZI, dan ZSI dihitung pada skala 1, 3, 6 dan 12 bulan, sedangkan indeks EDI dihitung pada skala bulanan. Evaluasi indeks kekeringan dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai indeks kekeringan dan kategori kekeringan dengan nilai indeks dan kategori kekeringan EDI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks SPI mempunyai korelasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan indeks lainya dengan nilai rata-rata 0,79, dan nilai tertinggi pada SPI-6 sebesar 0.94. Semua indeks kekeringan pada skala waktu 1 bulan diperoleh nilai NSE < 0,50 yang masuk ke dalam kategori tidak layak. Indeks kekeringan SPI-6 mempunyai nilai kesesuaian kategori kekeringan tertinggi dengan indeks EDI yaitu 74,6%. Indeks kekekeringan SPI-6 disarankan digunakan untuk pemantauan kekeringan di DAS Sangatta karena memberikan akurasi status kekeringan yang paling akurat.

 Kata Kunci

China Z Index (CZI), DAS Sangatta, Modified China Z Index (MCSI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Z Score Index (ZSI)

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Referensi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jtpa.28.1.16-27.2024

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